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Thursday, October 13, 2011

How to Color Alternate Rows in a Table with JavaScript and CSS

Tables should be used only when you are actually representing tabular data. Yes, we know that. But by default tables are not so much usable unless we put some addons and make tables usable. One of the best ways to make tabular data usable is to color alternate row backgrounds with different colors so that users don’t get lost while looking into long set of data. This not only helps users to remain on a specific track but also helps them interpret data precisely without generating much visual noise.

You can checkout the Demo of Alternate Table Row Coloring here.


Here is a very simple JavaScript script which can transform any existing tables on a page into tables with alternate row color backgrounds. This scripts check for specific class for a table on a page and puts different classes for different <tr>.
You can simply copy the following code and paste into the <head> section of your page.

function tableAlternateRow() {
    if(document.getElementsByTagName){
        var table = document.getElementById("contentsTable");
        var rows = table.getElementsByTagName("tr");
        for(i = 1; i < rows.length; i++){
            if(i % 2 == 0){
                rows[i].className = "even";
            }else{
                rows[i].className = "odd";
            }
        }
    }
}
If you just go through the function you can simply understand that this function just adds “odd” and “even” classes to every alternate <tr> of a table whose id is “contentsTable”.

Note: One thing worth noticing here is that I have started the for loop from 1 instead of 0. The reason behind this is ideally your first <tr> should be the <thead> part which should contain table headings i.e. <th>. So if you don’t have <th> in your first <tr> and you have data right from there, then you can start the for loop from 0.

Now obviously you will have to call this function as soon as the page is loaded fully. So just add this after the above code.
if (window.addEventListener) {
    window.addEventListener("load", tableAlternateRow, false);
} else if (window.attachEvent) {
    window.attachEvent("onload", tableAlternateRow);
} else {
    window.onload = tableAlternateRow;
}

So now if you see your page with Firebug, you will notice that you have a table with every alternate <tr> having the classes “odd” and “even”.

So now when you have the classes you can control their display anyway you want through CSS. So here is a sample CSS style which you can put in the header part within <style></style> tags or in your separate CSS file.
<style>
table tr.even {
    background: #fff;
}
table tr.odd {
    background: #eeeeee;
}
</style>
I prefer to keep one row background white while adding very gentle color to the other. The reason behind this is to avoid visual noise. Cause to me “less is more”. Your main information in your page is the data in the tables and not their display. Alternate row coloring or highlighting is just to help users to keep in track.

View the Demo here.

18 comments:

Bee said...

Excellent.. Thanku soo much..

Unknown said...

It stops working if i have two tables on the same page it only works on the first table.
How can i make it work on all tables on that page please ?

Anonymous said...

not working, something missing in tutorial

Anonymous said...

Awesome - exactly what I needed and it worked like a charm!

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